![]() ![]() The first relates to the sources of animosity, recognizing that there is a situational form of animosity arising temporarily from specific events and a stable form of animosity, which typically results from military, economic or political antagonism between individuals or nations.ĭespite the growing interest that scholars have paid to animosity in tourism settings, pertinent research draws mostly from tourist perspectives to examine the effects of animosity on travel-related decision-making. ![]() ![]() (2002) identified two dimensions of animosity. (2020) reviewed pertinent literature and concluded that there are six types of animosity: (a) war/military animosity which refers to hostile feelings emerging from military actions by one nation against another, (b) economic animosity which represents feelings of economic exploitation or dominance toward a country, (c) political animosity that forms due to nation-level conflict based on political ideology or resource competition, (d) social animosity referring to the dislike of the social values, norms or mentality of the people from a specific country, (e) religious animosity stemming from intolerance of a person or a nation due to religious differences, and (f) cultural animosity emerging from antipathy toward a person or a nation on the basis of cultural differences. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |